NCERT Solutions for Class 9th Science Chapter 12 Patterns in Life: Diversity and Classification
Updated on 2026-09-08
About this chapter
Biodiversity is the whole variety of living organisms. India is rich in it because its habitats range from the Himalayas to the Thar desert to the Western Ghats; species found nowhere else are endemic (Nilgiri tahr, lion-tailed macaque, Nepenthes khasiana , Neelakurinji), and regions rich in endemics that have also lost much habitat are biodiversity hotspots . Organisms are classified on seven kinds of evidence: external features, mode of nutrition, internal structures, cell structure, ecological role, reproduction and genetic similarity. Shared features point to a common ancestor . The system grew step by step — Aristotle (habitat) → two kingdom (1758, Linnaeus) → three kingdom (1866, Haeckel, adds Protista) → four kingdom (1938, Copeland, adds Monera) → five kingdom (1969, Whittaker) : M
- Chapter opener
- Let us compare and classify
- .3.1 Some criteria to classify living organisms
- Let us read a case study
- Let us study
- Let us explore
- Let us make
- .6.2 Kingdom Protista
- Lichens as bioindicators
- Pteridophyta
Exercises
- Chapter opener — Think It Over Page 228
- Let us compare and classify — Activity 12.1 Page 230 – 231
- .3.1 Some criteria to classify living organisms — Pause and Ponder Page 23112
- Let us read a case study — Activity 12.2 Page 232
- Let us study — Activity 12.3 Page 234
- Let us explore — Activity 12.4 Page 235
- Let us make — Activity 12.5 Page 235 – 236
- .6.2 Kingdom Protista — Pause and Ponder Page 23612
- Lichens as bioindicators — Bridging Science and Society Page 237
- Let us explore — Activity 12.6 Page 238
- Pteridophyta — In-text Questions Page 238
- Let us compare — Activity 12.7 Page 238
- Gymnosperms — Pause and Ponder Page 238
- Let us discuss — Activity 12.8 Page 239
- Let us study — Activity 12.9 Page 239 – 240
- Porifera and Cnidaria — In-text Questions Page 241
- Annelida and Arthropoda — In-text Questions Page 242
- Arthropoda — Pause and Ponder Page 242
- Forests as barriers against disasters — Bridging Science and Society Page 244
- .7.1 The hierarchical nature of classification — In-text Questions Page 24412
- .9 Fossils as Evidence / 12.10 Biodiversity Under Threat — Pause and Ponder Page 24712
- Phumdis of Loktak Lake and the Sangai deer — Bridging Science and Society Page 248
- End-of-chapter questions — Revise, Reflect, Refine Page 249 – 251
- Project work — The Journey Beyond Page 251
- An open question — The Quest Continues… Page 251